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What is a projector?

Femke15 JUNE 2026
A woman with long brown hair and a white top is sitting at a table, pressing a button on a white projector. No brand name is visible on the device.

A projector projects content from a laptop, television, or game console onto a larger screen. This allows you to watch your favourite series on the large bare wall in your bedroom or game with your friends on a large screen in the living room. There are various types of projectors, each with its own special features. Discover here which one is most suitable for you.

How does a projector work?

Two people are relaxing on a sofa, watching a film projected onto a wall. The projector is set up on a stand, but no brand name is visible.

A projector works like a kind of inverted camera. Instead of capturing light, a projector sends light outwards. Although the technology of different types of projectors varies, it always relies on 3 key components: the light source (an LED lamp or laser), an image chip that determines which light is transmitted, and the lens that projects the image. The projector converts the signal from the digital image of a laptop, television, or game console into light that passes through the image chip. The chip consists of millions of tiny mirrors or filters that determine, for each pixel, which colour and brightness are transmitted. The result is an enlarged projection on your screen or wall. For the best results, use a projection screen in a darkened room.

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What types of projectors are there?

A portable Samsung projector sits on a wooden table outdoors. Nearby are a bowl of food, a mug, a green thermos and camping gear.

There are various types of projectors, each with its own strengths:

  • 3D projectors bring films to life with depth effects.
  • Short-throw projectors always project a large image, even if you place the projector right in front of a wall or projection screen.
  • 4K projectors display razor-sharp images with 4 times as many pixels as a projector with HD technology.
  • Laser projectors use laser technology for a bright image and a long lifespan.
  • Smart projectors have built-in apps and Wi-Fi, meaning you don't need separate devices to play your favourite Netflix series, for example.
  • Mini projectors are small and portable, making them ideal for on the go. Read more about these different types of projectors below.

Two people sit outdoors in front of a camper van, watching a tennis match projected onto its side by a Samsung portable projector at night.

3D projectors

A 3D projector projects 2 slightly different images that together create a depth effect. To see this effect, you need special 3D glasses. 3D projectors are especially suitable for movie lovers who transform their living room into a spectacular home cinema. One advantage of a 3D bridge is the impressive depth effect and immersive viewing experience it provides. You often must purchase 3D glasses yourself to enjoy them. In addition, the content you view must be suitable for 3D technology.

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A modern living room with a grey sofa and wooden table features a large wall projection of a mountain and lake scene. No brand name is visible.

Short throw projectors

Short throw projectors project a large image from a short distance. Even if they are only 30 centimetres from the wall, they still give a 100-inch image. This makes these types of projectors very suitable in small rooms or offices, because they hardly take up any space. Other advantages of these projectors are that no one can walk through the image, and you won't be bothered by shadows. For a short throw projector, it is important that the projection surface is completely even, otherwise the image will not come across nicely.

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A person is lying on a bed in a cosy room, watching a film projected onto the ceiling by a Samsung portable projector. The scene shows a sunset beach.

4K projectors

A 4K projector projects images with a resolution of 3840 x 2160 pixels. This ensures 4 times sharper images than projectors with Full HD resolution. This allows you to see even more detail, even on large screens. 4K projectors are suitable for movie buffs, gamers, and professionals who often give presentations. This is mainly due to the exceptional image quality and razor-sharp image transmission of this type of projector. However, you do need sources that support 4K content to benefit from that higher image quality.

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A family sits together on the floor in a warmly lit room, watching a film projected onto the wall. Fairy lights add a cosy, festive atmosphere. No brand shown.

Laser projectors

Laser projectors use laser technology instead of traditional lamps, as traditional projectors do. They also produce brighter and more vivid images with better colours. Laser projectors are a television and projector in one. They are therefore suitable for use in your living room, although they also come in handy in an office. The handy thing about laser projectors is that they turn on and off immediately, where traditional projectors need some time to warm up.

Read more about laser projectors
A smart TV interface displays popular streaming apps such as Netflix, Disney+, YouTube, Hulu, and Prime Video. A remote control is in the foreground. No brand shown.

Smart projectors

Smart projectors come with built-in operating systems (like Android) and Wi-Fi, so you can stream apps like Netflix or YouTube without an extra device. They’re great for watching content or giving presentations directly from the projector – just like a smart TV, but with a larger projected image.

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A group of people are sitting outdoors in deckchairs, watching a film projected onto a wall at sunset. String lights create a warm and festive atmosphere. No brand visible.

Mini projectors

Mini projectors are so compact that they easily fit in your bag. You can easily connect these types of projectors wirelessly to your phone or tablet, although you can also connect them using an HDMI cable. It makes mini projectors very suitable to take with you, whether during a caravan trip or for an important presentation outside the door. Despite their size, they can project screens up to 100 inches – ideal for travel, camping or quick presentations.

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For which rooms is a projector suitable?

A woman sits on her bed in a softly lit room, watching a vivid aurora borealis projected onto the ceiling. No brand name is visible in the scene.

A big advantage of projectors is their versatility. For example, they come in handy in different rooms. At school or office, they make presentations more impressive and more visible to large groups. In the living room, they transform your wall or projection screen into a home cinema. There are even projectors that project clear images on a screen in the open air, so that you can watch a movie in the garden on a beautiful summer evening, for example. Pay attention to the lighting conditions of the room: the darker the room, the better the image. For bright rooms, you need a projector with more brightness. This is called lumen. You can read more about this later in the article.

What do you want to use the projector for?

Two people sit outdoors at night, watching a film projected onto a screen showing a beach scene. String lights and drinks create a festive atmosphere. No brand visible.

Which projector suits you best largely depends on what you mainly use the device for. For example, 3D projectors, laser projectors and smart projectors are very suitable for film lovers who transform their living room into a home cinema. Professionals who often give important presentations benefit more from 4K projectors, because the image on these projectors is extra sharp. If you often use the projector on the go or want to take it with you easily, a mini projector is more suitable.

Should you choose a projector or TV?

In what ways can you connect a projector?

How many lumens does a projector need?

A woman in business attire presents data charts to an audience in a modern conference room, using a projector. No brand name is visible in the image.

Lumens – also referred to as ANSI lumens – indicate the maximum brightness of a projector. The higher the number of lumens, the better the brightness of the images in brightly lit rooms. For a darkened room, a projector with a maximum of 1,500 to 2,000 lumens is sufficient. In rooms with a little more ambient light, your projector needs 2,000 to 3,000 lumens. For presentation rooms with daylight or bright lighting, choose a projector with at least 3,000 lumens. Preferably more to be sure. In classrooms and large halls, you need a powerful projector with at least 4,500 lumens.

Our advice on projectors

A couple sits close together on a cosy sofa, each holding a bowl of popcorn. A projector beams light towards the screen. No brand name is visible.

Projectors are very versatile devices that allow you to project the image of your laptop, game console or television onto a larger screen. There are different types of projectors. One is very suitable for watching movies, such as a 3D projector or a laser projector. The other is nice if you often give presentations in large halls, such as 4K projectors. When choosing a projector, always consider what you are going to use the device for and in which room you usually do it. In the latter case, it is also important to pay attention to the number of lumens. In brightly lit rooms, your projector needs more lumens than in dark rooms.

Frequently asked questions about projectors

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